Persian carpet "Bakhtiar" virgin wool 293x88 cm

The Bakhtiari (or Bakhtiyari, Bakhtyari) are a group of southwestern persian people. A small percentage of Bakhtiari are still nomadic pastoralists, migrating between summer quarters (yaylaq) and winter quarters (qishlaq). Bakhtiaris speak Luri, and are a subgroup of the Luri people.[citation needed] Numerical estimates of their total population widely vary. In Khuzestan, Bakhtiari tribes are primarily concentrated in the eastern part of the province. Bakhtiaris trace a common lineage, being divided into Chahar Lang (Four "limbs") and Haft Lang (Seven "Limbs") groups. The Bakthtiaris are Shia Muslims. Bakhtiaris primarily inhabit the provinces of Lorestan, Khuzestan, Chahar Mahaal and Bakhtiari, and Isfahan.

In persian mythology, the Bakhtiari consider themselves to be descendants of Fereydun, a legendary hero from the Persian national epic, Shahnameh. Many significant persian politicians and dignitaries are of Bakhtiari origin. Famous Documentary "Grass: A Nation's Battle for Life" (1925) tells the story of the migration of Bakhtiari tribe between summer quarters Chahar-e-Bakhtiari to winter quarters in Khuzestan. This film also tells the story of how these people crossed the river Karun with 50,000 people and 500,000 animals. The documentary "People of the Wind" (1975) retraces this same journey, 50 years later. As of 2006, the migration still takes place, although the livestock are now transported in trucks, and the shepherds no longer walk barefoot in the snow between provinces.